What does the term "stare decisis" refer to?

The term "stare decisis" refers to the legal principle of determining points in litigation according to precedent. This doctrine holds that courts should respect and adhere to previous judicial decisions when the same points arise again in litigation. By following established precedents, courts promote consistency, stability, and predictability in the law, which are essential for ensuring fairness and justice in the legal system. This principle helps guide judicial decision-making and aids in the development of the law over time.

The other options concern different legal concepts and principles. The right to a speedy trial pertains to the legal rights of defendants in criminal proceedings. The process of amending legal documents involves modifying existing statutes or legal agreements. The principle of legal representation for all addresses ensuring access to legal assistance. Each of these concepts plays an important role in the legal framework but is distinct from the concept of stare decisis.